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Dongxing is a county-level city of Guangxi, People's Republic of China, on the border with Mong Cai of Vietnam. In the summer of 1978, the Friendship Bridge that connected Dongxing and Mong Cai in Vietnam became a makeshift refugee camp for thousands of ethnic Chinese fleeing Vietnam. Ethnic Chinese had lived in Northern Vietnam for decades under Communist rule, but after the North and South unified in April 1975, the Communist government saw the Chinese in the South, many of whom were successful capitalists, as a threat to their socialist system and began persecuting the Chinese, forcing many to flee by boat. They became known as the Boat People. The Chinese in the North, who were mostly farmers, were also persecuted as part of a nationwide 'ethnic cleansing' instituted by Hanoi.